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    Endodontics

    Whose knees do not quake at the thought of a “root canal?” Pain and cost spring to mind. But how many of us even know what a “root canal” really is?

    Root canal therapy, also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental treatment for removing infection from inside a tooth. It can also protect the tooth from future infections.

    It is carried out in the pulp of the tooth, which is the root canal.

    What is root canal treatment?

    A “root canal” is not a treatment, but part of a tooth. It is the hollow section of a tooth that contains the nerve tissue, blood vessels, and other cells, also known as the pulp.

    A tooth consists of a crown and roots. The crown is mainly above the gum, while the roots are below it. The roots attach the tooth to the jawbone.

    Inside the crown and the root, or the root canal, is the pulp. The pulp nourishes the tooth and provides moisture to the surrounding material. The nerves in the pulp sense hot and cold temperatures as pain.

    The name of the dental procedure commonly referred to as a “root canal” is actually endodontic therapy, which means “inside the tooth.”

    However, the term “root canal” has come to be commonly used to talk about the procedure.

    The Procedure

    Root canal therapy is done in three steps, and it takes between one and three sessions to complete.

    • Cleaning the root canal – First, the endodontist removes everything that is inside the root canal. With the patient under local anesthesia, the endodontist makes a small access hole on the surface of the tooth and removes the diseased and dead pulp tissue with very small files.
    • Filling the root canal – Next, the endodontist cleans, shapes and decontaminates the hollow area, using tiny files and irrigation solutions. Then, the tooth is filled with a rubber-like material, using an adhesive cement to seal the canals completely. After root canal therapy, the tooth is dead. The patient will no longer feel any pain in that tooth because the nerve tissue has been removed, and the infection has been eliminated.
    • Adding a crown or filling – The tooth will be now more fragile than it was before. A tooth with no pulp must receive its nourishment from the ligament that attaches the tooth to the bone. This supply is adequate, but in time, the tooth will become more brittle, so a crown or filling offers protection. Until the crown or filling is complete, the patient should not chew or bite on the tooth.

    Treatment often takes only one appointment, but if there are curved canals, multi-canals, or large infections, this could take one or two additional appointments.

    How painful is it?

    One of the great fears about this kind of treatment is that it will be painful, but the treatment that is carried out by a trained endodontist should be relatively painless.

    The pain that is felt comes from the infection and not from the treatment. The treatment does not cause pain; it helps to alleviate it.

    The endodontist will relieve the pain of the procedure by numbing the tooth and surrounding area with local anesthesia.

    After the treatment, some tenderness is normal. This is temporary, and over-the-counter pain medication may be enough to relieve it. If needed, prescription drugs, such as codeine, are available.

    The endodontist may prescribe an antibiotic to treat or prevent infection.

    1.What does it cost?

    Saving a tooth with a root canal is relatively cost-efficient.

    The other option is extraction, and the cost of an implant or bridge to replace the tooth afterward is usually more expensive. Extraction can also lead to malocclusion, or misaligned teeth and difficulty in chewing.

    As with any procedure, complications can occur.

    • Sometimes the endodontist only finds three root canals in a tooth that has four. If one canal remains untreated, the infection might continue and spread into the bone.
    • The endodontist must make sure the filling material goes far enough into the canal, to fill it up. If the root canal is not properly sealed, the infection could return.
    • During the procedure, the root of the tooth may crack, or the instruments can break in the canal or perforate the canal. This makes it hard to fill the tooth effectively.

    If complications occur, your endodontist will try to correct the problem and complete the root canal.

    To avoid complications, patients should always follow the endodontists instructions. If an antibiotic is needed, it is important to finish the entire prescription.

    While all endodontists are dentists, less than three percent of dentists are endodontists. Just like a doctor in any other field, endodontists are specialists because they have completed an additional training beyond dental school. Their additional training focuses on diagnosing tooth pain and root canal treatment and other procedures relating to the interior of the tooth. In many cases, a diseased tooth can be saved with endodontic treatment. For this reason, endodontists proudly refer to themselves as Specialists in Saving Teeth.

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      Dental Restoration

      When a person has problems with their smile, they may be wondering about the best solution. Improving your smile through dental restoration isn’t one single process or procedure though. This leads many people to ask, what is the best form of dental restoration for you.

      What Is Dental Restoration?

      If you’re not familiar with the term, it’s simply a treatment performed to restore the function and integrity of missing or damaged teeth. The cause for missing or damaged teeth could be dental caries, external trauma, or other related problems. Any damage or loss of teeth can be treated with dental restoration.

      Types of Restoration

      Although restoration can be explained in a variety of ways, the simplest way to break down its definition is to consider direct and indirect restorations. These are separate types of restorations available today. Depending on your needs, you may have to choose between either type.

      Direct Tooth Restoration

      This term usually refers to a procedure that takes place in just one visit to your dentist. A direct restoration typically uses composite resin or a glass ionomer cement. Both of these materials are safe for humans and have a good appearance. They are available in tooth colour, giving them a natural appearance in the mouth. This feature sets them apart from other types of materials which may be dark or noticeable.

      The disadvantage of these solutions is that they are not the longest-lasting solution. This can mean a higher cost over time as well as more work on your part. For example, both materials have structural disadvantages. GIC is not the strongest material, especially when used to fill a large cavity. Composite resin tends to shrink over time, creating stress and pulling on the tooth.

      When do their benefits outweigh the disadvantages? They tend to work well for small cavities but usually won’t work well for larger holes and restorations. With larger holes, there is a greater chance of needing to have the restoration replaced over time.

      Indirect Tooth Restoration

      An indirect restoration is where the restoration is made outside of the mouth. This can occur in a dental lab or possibly in a dental practice which has specialized equipment. These types of restorations are typically made with ceramic or porcelain and often come with longer effectiveness.

      The downside for most people is that this type of restoration is going to take a larger time commitment. It typically takes place over two visits but the advantages may outweigh the greater time commitment. Additionally, the cost for an indirect restoration is going to be higher. The higher initial cost may be mitigated though when you consider that this type of restoration has to be replaced less often than the direct restoration.

      The advantage of indirect restorations is that they last longer than direct restorations. They also support the teeth more effectively and are made from non-toxic materials. They look great and won’t shrink over time. The materials used for indirect restoration can be made to the ideal shape of the tooth, giving you a better overall appearance.

      Restoring Teeth

      When it comes to dental restorations, there are a variety of procedures that can be performed. Not all of them involve using foreign materials but these are the most common. To get a better idea of what dental restoration can mean, these are the common types:

      • Teeth Whitening – This is a non-invasive procedure that simply means bleaching teeth that are stained or discoloured. It is a cosmetic procedure that won’t change the structure or function of the teeth but simply improve their overall appearance.
      • Straightening Teeth – Depending on the shape of your mouth or teeth, they may need to be re-aligned. Braces or Invisalign® can be used to re-align teeth. This can be done with a variety of brace types. If preparing to have braces placed, you can consider having a discussion with your dentist about the types available and which one works best for you.
      • Reshaping Teeth – You can improve your oral health with minor corrections such as crowns, bonding, and veneers. Veneers are designed to cover the front teeth to improve their appearance. Bonding is used to correct blemishes and irregularities without changing the structure. Finally crowns save and strengthen damaged teeth
      • Replace Missing Teeth – Replacing teeth that have been severely damaged or missing usually involves the use of implants and dentures. Implants using artificial teeth have come a long way since their early years and offer some great alternatives to traditional dentures and bridges.
      1.Potential Complications

      When it comes to any type of dental restoration, there is always some risk associated with having this done. The most common complication that occurs is an irritation of the nerve. When a deep cavity is filled, there is always the possibility that a nerve has been irritated. This can result in a short-term sensitivity to hot or cold food. You can also experience some pain when biting down on a specific tooth. This pain is usually mild and will go away on its own over time. If not, then make sure to see the dentist.

      The other potential complication can be weakening of the tooth structure. In any situation where a large amount of the tooth structure has either been lost or replaced with a filling material, the strength of the tooth overall may be affected. This will increase the chance that the tooth could sustain more damage over time when excessive force is placed on the tooth. Trauma or grinding your teeth at night could cause further damage.

      Although both of these complications are possible, they are not extremely common. Talking about complications with our online consultants before having any procedures performed is the best way to manage any potential problems and risk factors.

      Both restorative and cosmetic procedures can be performed at the same time so the answer to this question is, yes. Often, restorative dentistry will fix any major issues, such as missing or broken teeth, then cosmetic measures can be taken, such as reshaping, to put the finishing touches on a new smile.

      If you’re curious about whether any of these procedures might be suitable for you, feel free to reach out to our online consultants on WhatsApp number +90 542 512 51 64. We’re always happy to answer questions or concerns, and welcome the chance to demystify dentistry.

      Remember that bacterial plaque can form around dental restorations too and therefore can contribute to the recurrence or progression of a problem. Conditions like tooth decay or periodontal (gum) disease can be prevented by controlling this plaque, the primary cause of these types of infections.

      Plaque and tartar control through a consistent oral hygiene regimen involves brushing at least twice a day with a soft-bristled toothbrush, or electric tootbrush and fluoride toothpaste. In addition to daily floss, mouthwashes are also effective in strengthening your tooth’s surfaces, so your teeth can be restored to their normal state before restorative dentistry becomes absolutely necessary.

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        Dental Fillings

        A dental filling is used to fill a cavity (a hole that has formed in your teeth) or other damage such as a chipped tooth. Cavities get bigger over time, so the sooner they’re spotted and filled, the less likely you are to have problems later. That’s why regular check-ups are important.

        Without treatment, a cavity or chipped tooth can lead to toothache, bad breath, infection, and even the fracturing or loss of your tooth.

        How do you know if you need a dental filling?

        People of all ages, even young children, may need a tooth filling. Perhaps you have a nagging toothache, sudden pain when you bite down, or sensitivity to hot and cold. You may even have noticed a cavity, or food getting caught in a damaged tooth.

        Reasons for needing a tooth filling

        • Tooth decay – This is the most common cause of fillings. Plaque forms when bacteria feed on the sugars and starches left on your teeth by food or drink. The acids in plaque soften and dissolve your enamel (the hard-protective coating on your teeth), causing tiny holes which then grow bigger.
        • Acid erosion – Your protective enamel coating can get worn away by acids in certain foods and drinks, or with some medical conditions like reflux or hiatus hernia.
        • Chipping – You might have a broken or chipped tooth as part of an injury, or after eating something very hard. This can expose the inner parts of the tooth and lead to erosion over time.
        • Abrasion and attrition – This is when teeth get worn, perhaps if you brush them too aggressively or if you grind your teeth.

        What kind of fillings are available?

        The type of treatment you need will depend on how much damage there is, and which tooth is affected. Your dentist will go through any options with you:

        • Amalgam – These traditional silver-coloured fillings are made from a combination of metals including silver, tin and copper. Amalgam is very hard-wearing, so it’s ideal for fillings in your back teeth. Amalgam fillings can last for 20 to 40 years, as long you take good care of your teeth. If you’re pregnant, your dentist will probably advise against an amalgam filling, but they can talk to you about this.
        • Composite – Composite fillings are what people often call ‘white fillings’, but actually they can be matched closely to the colour of your teeth. They look natural, so they’re great if your filling will be visible when you smile, laugh or talk.
        • Inlays and overlays – If a standard filling isn’t suitable, your dentist may recommend an inlay or overlay (sometimes called onlays, too). They’re more suitable for larger chewing surfaces, such as your back teeth. Inlays fit into the hole in your tooth, while overlays build up the shape of the tooth. They can be made from metal, composite or porcelain. Porcelain may be ideal if you’re looking for something that’s practically invisible.

        If the tooth cavity is very deep, or the centre of your tooth is damaged, you may need root canal treatment to avoid having the tooth out. Although often called ‘root canal fillings’, these aren’t the same as a standard fillings.

        1.What should you do after you’ve had a filling?

        The local anaesthetic will make your gums, tongue, cheeks and even your lips feel numb for a while. Until this wears off, you may have difficulty talking, chewing and drinking. As sensation returns, you may feel some tingling. Avoid chewing on that side for a while, partly to protect your filling but also to prevent accidentally biting yourself.

        For up to a week after your filling, your tooth may be more sensitive to cold and heat. If it gets much worse or goes on for longer, contact us immideately – this could indicate changes to the nerve, which may need treatment.

        Dental fillings are a very good way to repair tooth cavities, and they can stop toothache while preventing further tooth decay. But it’s much better to avoid tooth fillings in the first place. You can help to do this, with advice from a dental hygienist or dentist, by:

        • Avoiding/cutting down and managing your intake of sugary or acidic foods and drinks. If you sip on a sugary drink throughout the day, for example, your teeth are exposed to the sugar for longer, and your mouth doesn’t have chance to recover
        • Seeing a dentist and/or dental hygienist regularly
        • Cleaning between your teeth before brushing
        • Brushing your teeth twice a day for two minutes
        • Using the right toothpaste; not all types of toothpaste are the same, and different types are better suited for different needs depending on your age and a variety of other factors
        • Changing your toothbrush (or electric toothbrush head) at least once every three months

        Contact our online consultants to give you advice on how to look after your teeth on WhatsApp number +90 542 512 51 64.

        Yes, your dentist may recommend a different kind of treatment if a filling isn’t right for your tooth.

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          Gum Surgery

          If you are dissatisfied with your gummy smile or uneven gum line, our dentists and periodontists can offer gum contouring surgery as a solution to your problems. They can reshape your gums to create a more symmetrical appearance that frames your smile. Contact us today to learn how we can help you achieve the smile you have always wanted.

          What is Gum Contouring?

          Performed to reshape a patient’s gum line, gum contouring surgery can be a cosmetic or restorative procedure. Cosmetically, the procedure can enhance gums that are low, high, or uneven, problems that can sometimes leave patients feeling self-conscious about their smiles. The cause of uneven tissue can include genetics, certain health conditions, and some prescription drugs.

          Gum contouring falls under the category of restorative treatment when oral health issues threaten the gums. In the early stages of periodontal disease, gums can pull back from the teeth, leaving tooth roots exposed or elongated. Since this shift in gum line can lead to decay and tooth loss, gum contouring is recommended as a method of restoring recessed gums.

          What To Expect From The Procedure

          Gum contouring surgery can be completed during a single, in-office visit. Depending on your particular case, we may use a scalpel or laser to perform the surgery. However, before the surgery begins, we will first determine where your new gum line should be, so that you can develop a sense of what the final result will look like.

          Once the location of your new gum line has been chosen, you will receive a local anaesthetic in the treatment area to ensure that any discomfort is minimized. Your dentist or periodontist will then gently remove or add new tissue.

          Our online consultants will review the details of your surgery with you at your consultation, so that you are fully informed of the procedure, technique, and recovery timeline.

          Some of the benefits of gum contouring are:

          • Better gum-to-teeth ratio
          • Improved aesthetics
          • Improved smile symmetry
          • Improved oral health and hygiene
          • Improved self-confidence in your image

          If you have a gummy smile, or if your gum line appears uneven or asymmetrical, cosmetic gum surgery may be a good choice for improving your appearance. Our consultants will help you determine whether cosmetic gum surgery is right for your smile. Call us today on WhatsApp number +90 542 512 51 64 to learn more and to schedule your consultation!

          1.Does gum contouring hurt?

          You’ll be given local anesthesia before the procedure starts. This will numb your gums so you won’t feel pain while the doctor is working on your gum. But you can expect some tenderness and numbness afterward.

          The amount of discomfort depends on how much of your gums had to be reshaped or removed.

          After the surgery, your doctor may prescribe a pain reliever, or you can take over-the-counter pain medication like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil). Since aspirin can cause bleeding, your doctor might discourage this medication.

          You can also reduce pain and swelling by applying an ice pack or cold compress to your mouth for a couple of days after the procedure. It’s best to apply the compress for 15 to 20 minutes at a time.

          Gum contouring involves little downtime, but complete healing might take days or weeks, depending on the extent of the surgery. You may have to limit some activities for a day or two based on how you feel and any tenderness you may have.

          Since your gums and mouth will likely feel sensitive or tender at first, you’ll want to eat soft foods for about 2 to 3 days after the procedure. This might include foods such as:

          • Soup
          • Yogurt
          • Applesauce
          • Jell-O

          Your doctor will inform you with post-surgery dietary instructions and will also let you know if there are any foods to avoid while you’re recovering.

          You’ll typically have a follow-up appointment after the procedure. Your doctor will check your gums to monitor how you’re healing and look for signs of an infection.

          They may prescribe an antibiotic mouth rinse to reduce the risk of infection. Signs of infection include increased pain and swelling and discharge from the gums.

          Ideal candidates are aged 18 and above. There is no upper age limit.

          Being able to smile with confidence and taking pleasure in eating the foods you enjoy should be something people of all ages can do.

          For more information, or to schedule an online consultation with our consultants, please contact us on WhatsApp number +90 542 512 51 64.

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            Laser Teeth Whitening

            Teeth whitening treatments have become extremely popular in recent years and are now amongst the most asked for cosmetic treatments. Teeth whitening treatments can transform the appearance of the teeth in a matter of minutes and give you a beautiful, confident smile.

            At our dental clinic, we offer the latest and highest quality of laser teeth whitening treatment. Our experienced team of professionals have many years of expertise, promising that your teeth will improve anywhere between 2 to 10 shades whiter after the procedure. We have the most up to date technology giving you peace of mind.

            The diagnostic technique is completely safe and harmless. Our professionals use only the best quality products and they have the latest technology laser lamps and teeth whitening kits. All of the products have been directly imported from the EU or USA, assuring you have the highest quality products. Our dentists use only non-peroxide 100% legal gels that are EU regulated.

            The Procedure

            The Laser Teeth Whitening treatment comprises of three sessions, 15 minutes each and an additional 15 minutes are given to explain the process, the diet plan and the safety and precautions after you are done with the teeth whitening treatment. The timings may vary to allow the best results possible.

            1st Session:

            Our trained staff will insert a retractor into your mouth, this will allow the mouth to stay open during the process.

            2nd Session:

            A vitamin E teeth moisturizer and gum protector will be applied to ensure the utmost safety to your teeth and gums.

            3rd Session:

            Soon after, the non-peroxide gel will be applied evenly to your teeth and the bleaching process will be enhanced and accelerated with a laser lamp. This process is called oxidization which will remove stains and whiten your teeth.

            4th Session:

            After the three 15 minute intervals, you will see a big improvement in your teeth. After the procedure you will be talked to about the diet plan and precautions you need to take for the next 48 hours.

            It is important to note, that the effects of whitening can vary from patient to patient. If someone comes in with decently white teeth already, his/her teeth won’t change as drastically as someone with slightly yellow teeth.

            The Benefits

            Getting the Laser Teeth Whitening done by our dentists gives you many benefits including the affordability and convenience. Some of these benefits are:

            • Look your best for every occasion
            • Boost your self-esteem and confidence
            • Make a good first impression
            • Increase your chances of getting the job you want
            • Look and feel younger
            1.How long does the effect of Laser Whitening Teeth last?

            The duration of the effect of laser whitening can vary from person to person. It is envisaged to last for 6 months upto 1 year, but proper tooth care is very important in this period. The amount of consumption of food and beverages (tea, coffee, etc.) that may stain the teeth or smoking affect this period negatively.

            Laser teeth whitening treatments don’t last forever, as eventually the colour will fade. Depending on the person, laser teeth whitening can provide great results however the length of time your teeth stay white will depend on your food and lifestyle choices, as well as the reasons your teeth became discoloured in the first place.

            For best results, laser teeth whitening (performed by a dentist) is recommended once your colour starts to fade.

            If you want to extend the time between laser teeth whitening treatments, try these strategies to prevent a rapidly discolouring smile:

            • Give up or cut back on smoking, to avoid your smile becoming yellow and dingy.
            • Avoid staining foods and drinks (such as blueberries, beetroot, coffee and red wine) as much as possible.
            • If you really must consume staining foods and drinks, try drinking through a straw and rinse your mouth out with water afterwards. Try and brush your teeth afterwards if possible.
            • Use a whitening toothpaste, as this will help remove surface stains and keep your teeth looking whiter for longer.
            • Maintain daily oral hygiene practices. Brushing and flossing at least twice a day is essential.
            • Get your teeth professionally cleaned every six months or so, to prevent hard-to-remove stains from setting on your teeth.
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              Dental Bridges

              A dental bridge essentially bridges a gap in your mouth. It involves replacing a missing tooth with a false tooth which is bonded to the natural teeth on either side of the gap. There are two main types of dental bridges. The most common type consists of two crowns, made of porcelain or metal, which are permanently bonded to your natural teeth either side of the space, with the false tooth (or teeth) in the middle.

              If the teeth either side of your missing teeth are strong and healthy, you may be able to have an adhesive bridge. An adhesive bridge is a false tooth with ‘wings’ either side of it. These wings are bonded to the inner surfaces of the supporting teeth. This avoids the need to prepare the neighboring teeth for full coverage crowns.

              What are the benefits of Dental Bridges?

              Dental bridges offer a permanent solution for missing teeth. Unlike dental implants, bridges can replace missing teeth without surgery. And with porcelain finishes available, your new tooth could be almost indistinguishable from the natural teeth surrounding it.

              Having a dental bridge can boost your confidence in your smile and make day to day activities such as eating and talking easier. Replacing a missing tooth can also help protect your remaining teeth. When you have gaps, remaining teeth may lean over or move into the space, affecting the way you bite. Food can also get trapped in spaces, increasing your risk of tooth decay.

              Dental bridges are an investment in your confidence, quality of life and oral health.

              Contact our online consultants on WhatsApp number +90 542 512 51 64 to find out more about bridges. Our consultants will be happy to discuss your options with you.

              What are the alternatives to Dental Bridges?

              There are several ways to replace missing teeth. It’s important to explore all the options and discuss them with us. Alternatives to bridges include:

              • Full or partial dentures (false teeth) – Removable plastic or metal frameworks that have false teeth attached
              • Dental implants – An imitation porcelain tooth (a crown)fitted on top of a titanium implant that is fixed directly into your jawbone

              Our online consultants will help you decide which option is best for you.

              1.What does a Dental Bridge cost?

              There are many variables that can affect the price including:

              • The number of teeth needed to fill the gap
              • The materials used, such as composite resin, zirconia, or metal alloy covered in resin
              • The complexity/difficulty of the placement
              • The additional treatments for other dental issues, such as gum disease
              • The geographic location

              Contact our onine consultants now on WhatsApp number +90 542 512 51 64 to receive a proper treatmentsplan and quote.

              When you have a missing tooth or missing teeth, it can affect you in a number of ways. A dental bridge can address those changes, including:

              • Restoring your smile
              • Restoring the ability to properly chew
              • Restoring your speech and pronunciation
              • Maintaining the shape of your face
              • Re-adjusting your bite to properly distribute the force when you chew
              • Preventing your remaining teeth from moving out of the correct position

               

              During the first visit for getting a dental bridge, the abutment teeth are prepared. Preparation involves recontouring these teeth by removing a portion of enamel to allow room for a crown to be placed over them. Next, impressions of the teeth are made, which serve as a model from which the bridge, pontic, and crowns will be made by a dental lab. Your dentist will make a temporary bridge to wear to protect the exposed teeth and gums while the bridge is being made.

              During the second visit, your temporary bridge will be removed and the new porcelain or metal bridge will be checked and adjusted, as necessary, to achieve a proper fit. Multiple visits may be required to check the fit of the metal framework and bite. This is dependent on each individual’s case. In just one week your treatment will be finalised and you will be able to fly back home with a fully functional and easthetical smile.

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